SpongeBob will be catching jellyfish at the same time tomorrow
(+) s + will/shall + be + v-ing + O + adverb of time
(-) s + will/shall + not + be + v-ing + O + adverb of time
(?) will/shall + s + be + v-ing + O + adverb of time?
Example:
(+) I will be riding a bicycle in Sunday morning.
(-) She will not be watching television at 8 o'clock tomorrow morning.
(?) Will she be waiting for me when I arrive at the airport?
It’s been a long time I didn’t update this blog. Because of that I am busy. I’m sorry to all my reader. Actually I took this material from my grammar task. And I would thanks to all my friend especially in my group for our task. Once more, I am sorry if there is a lot of mistake here, I am still learning. In here we learn together. :D
Adjectives
This is my black bicycle
Definition
An adjective modifies a noun or a pronoun by describing, identifying, or quantifying words. An adjective usually precedes the noun or the pronoun which it modifies.
Types of adjectives
Determiner
Determiners consist of a small group of structure words without characteristic form.
1. Articles : the, a ,an
2. Demonstrative adjectives
The demonstrative adjectives "this," "these," "that," "those," and "what" are identical to the demonstrative pronouns, but are used as adjectives to modify nouns or noun phrases, as in the following sentences:
When the librarian tripped over that cord, she dropped a pile of books.
In this sentence, the demonstrative adjective "that" modifies the noun "cord" and the noun phrase "that cord" is the object of the preposition "over."
This apartment needs to be fumigated.
Here "this" modifies "apartment" and the noun phrase "this apartment" is the subject of the sentence.
Even though my friend preferred those plates, I bought these.
In the subordinate clause, "those" modifies "plates" and the noun phrase "those plates" is the object of the verb "preferred." In the independent clause, "these" is the direct object of the verb "bought."
Note that the relationship between a demonstrative adjective and a demonstrative pronoun is similar to the relationship between a possessive adjective and a possessive pronoun, or to that between a interrogative adjective and an interrogative pronoun.
3. Possessive adjectives
A possessive adjective ("my," "your," "his," "her," "its," "our," "their") is similar or identical to a possessive pronoun; however, it is used as an adjective and modifies a noun or a noun phrase, as in the following sentences:
I can't complete my assignment because I don't have the textbook.
In this sentence, the possessive adjective "my" modifies "assignment" and the noun phrase "my assignment" functions as an object. Note that the possessive pronoun form "mine" is not used to modify a noun or noun phrase.
What is your phone number.
Here the possessive adjective "your" is used to modify the noun phrase "phone number"; the entire noun phrase "your phone number" is a subject complement. Note that the possessive pronoun form "yours" is not used to modify a noun or a noun phrase.
The bakery sold his favourite type of bread.
In this example, the possessive adjective "his" modifies the noun phrase "favourite type of bread" and the entire noun phrase "his favourite type of bread" is the direct object of the verb "sold."
After many years, she returned to her homeland.
Here the possessive adjective "her" modifies the noun "homeland" and the noun phrase "her homeland" is the object of the preposition "to." Note also that the form "hers" is not used to modify nouns or noun phrases.
We have lost our way in this wood.
In this sentence, the possessive adjective "our" modifies "way" and the noun phrase "our way" is the direct object of the compound verb "have lost". Note that the possessive pronoun form "ours" is not used to modify nouns or noun phrases.
In many fairy tales, children are neglected by their parents.
Here the possessive adjective "their" modifies "parents" and the noun phrase "their parents" is the object of the preposition "by." Note that the possessive pronoun form "theirs" is not used to modify nouns or noun phrases.
The cat chased its ball down the stairs and into the backyard.
In this sentence, the possessive adjective "its" modifies "ball" and the noun phrase "its ball" is the object of the verb "chased." Note that "its" is the possessive adjective and "it's" is a contraction for "it is."
4. Numeral adjectives
Cardinal: four, twenty-five, etc.
Ordinal: first, thirty-fourth, three hundredth, etc.
5. Indefinite Adjectives
An indefinite adjective is similar to an indefinite pronoun, except that it modifies a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase, as in the following sentences:
Many people believe that corporations are under-taxed.
The indefinite adjective "many" modifies the noun "people" and the noun phrase "many people" is the subject of the sentence.
I will send you any mail that arrives after you have moved to Sudbury.
The indefinite adjective "any" modifies the noun "mail" and the noun phrase "any mail" is the direct object of the compound verb "will send."
They found a few goldfish floating belly up in the swan pound.
In this example the indefinite adjective modifies the noun "goldfish" and the noun phrase is the direct object of the verb "found":
The title of Kelly's favourite game is "All dogs go to heaven."
Here the indefinite pronoun "all" modifies "dogs" and the full title is a subject complement.
(+) S + will/shall/be going to + v-1 + O + adverb of time
(-) S + will/shall/be going to + not + O + adverb of time
(?) Will/shall/be going to + S + v-1 + O + adverb of time
Example:
She will help me next week.
I will not be here tomorrow
Shall we go to school?
Usage
To expresses future time. When the speaker is making a prediction, either will or be going to is possible.
Example:
I will go to Kandahar.
It is going to be rainy tomorrow.
To expresses a prior plan. When the speaker is expressing a prior plan (because he/she has made a plan or decision to do it) only be going to is used.
Example:
Why did you packing? I’m going to my hometown tomorrow.
I’m going to clean this house, because my parent will come.
To express willingness use will.
Example:
She’s coming. I will take her bag.
A: I don’t understand this.
B: I will help you. Selengkapnya/Read more>>
Plankton finally got the recipe. He had been trying to steal that for two years.
(+) S + had + been + v-ing + O + adverb of time
(-) S + had + not + been + v-ing + O + adverb of time
(?) had + S + been + v-ing + O + adverb of time.
Usage
To emphasize the duration of an activity that was in progress before another activity or time in the past.
Example:
The police had been looking for the criminal for two years before they caught him.
I had been studying Arabian language for two years last month.
Sasori to Deidara: 'He had already changed when you came.'
(+) S + had + v-3 + O
(-) S + had + not + v-3 + O
(?) Had + S + v-3 + O?
Usage
Express an activity that was complete before another activity or time in the past.
Example:
We had already arrived when the game began.
Ron had left before Mary got to library.
(+) S + v-2 + O + adverb of time
(-) S + did + not + v-1 + O + adverb of time
(?) Did + S + v-1 + O + adverb of time
Example:
I bought a newspaper yesterday
She didn’t come here last night
Did you come here last night?
Usage
Indicates an activity or situation began and ended at particular time in the past.
Example:
She went with me last night.
John didn’t bring a book last week.
Did you visit me two days ago?
If a sentence contains when, and has simple past in both clauses, the action in the when clause happens first.
Example:
(1st) When I heard strange voice, (2st) I got up to investigate.
She arrived when I watched TV last night. (watched TV happen first) Selengkapnya/Read more>>
(+) S + aux (have/has) + been + v-ing + O + adverb of time
(-) S + aux (have/has) not + been + v-ing + O + adverb of time
(?) Aux (have/has) + S + been + v-ing + O + adverb of time
Example:
I have been studying here for a year
She has not been living here for 5 years
Has John been working here for 3 months?
Usage
To indicate the duration of an activity that began in the past and continues to the present.
Example:
I have been waiting here since 8 o’clock
You have been studying for 2 ours
Expresses a general activity in progress recently, lately.
Example:
I have been thinking about buying a new car
The students have been sitting here
Adverb frequently used.
For= selama
Since= sejak
How long = berapa lama ?
Sponge bob: "I have already finished my driving test."
(+) S + have/has + v-3 + O
(-) S + have/has + not + v-3 + O
(?) Have/has + S + v-3 + O
Example:
(+) I have finished my homework.
(-) She has not finished her homework.
(?) Have you finished your homework?
Usage
Expresses the idea that something happened (or never happened) before now, at an unspecified time in the past. The exact time is not important.
Example:
Have you ever visited Indonesia?
I have already beaten this game.
Expresses the repetition of an activity before now. The exact time is not important.
Example:
He has gone to Yemen twice.
I have met many people since I came here in August.
Expresses the situation began in the past and continues to the present.
Example:
I have had breakfast.
I have liked masked rider movies ever since I was child.
(+) S + to be (is,am,are) + v-ing + O + adverb of time
(-) S + to be + not + v-ing + O + adverb of time
(?) To be + S + v-ing + O + adverb of time
Example:
(+) Putri is sleeping right now.
(-) I am not reading right now
(?) Is she writing a letter?
Usage
Expresses an activity that is in progress at the moment of speaking.
Example:
She is reading a book.
The students are sitting at their desk right now.
I am dreaming about you.
Something generally in progress this week, this month, this year.
Example:
I am taking four courses this semester.
She is taking a rest this week. Selengkapnya/Read more>>
(+) S + v1 (s/es) + O + ket. waktu
(-) S + do/does + not + v1 + O + ket. Waktu
(?) Do/does + S + v1 + O + ket. Waktu ?
Example:
(+) You read a newspaper everyday
(-) You don’t read a newspaper everyday
(?) Do you read a newspaper every morning?
Penggunaan
1. Untuk menyatakan suatu kebiasaan.
Example:
I get up at five every morning
She goes to college everyday
2. Untuk menyatakan kebenaran umum.
Example:
The world is round.
A year has twelve months.
Keterangan waktu
Adverd of frequency (kebiasaan)
Always, usually, generally, ever (?), never, sometimes, occasionally, seldom.
Adverb of quantity (keseringan)
Once a day, .. a week, .. a month, twice.., three times.., every..
